The Central Government has defended the operations of its Press Information Bureau (PIB) Fact Check Unit (FCU) in the Lok Sabha, outlining its methodology and data on fact-checking activities over the past three years. Responding to a starred question by MP G Kumar Naik, Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw detailed the unit’s verification process and dismissed concerns over selective enforcement.

Established in November 2019, according to the government, the PIB Fact Check Unit aims to counter fake news and misinformation related to the Government of India. Citizens can report potentially misleading content through a dedicated WhatsApp hotline and the official website. The FCU follows a four-step verification model: it proactively identifies misleading claims or receives complaints, assesses their relevance, verifies information using government sources, and disseminates fact-checked content through social media.

The government disclosed that the unit received 25,626 queries in 2022, 20,684 in 2023, and 21,404 in 2024. Of these, 8,107, 6,623, and 6,320 were deemed actionable respectively, leading to the identification of 338, 557, and 583 fake news instances. As of 19th March 2025, the FCU has handled 5,200 queries, with 1,811 found actionable and 97 classified as fake news.

On the issue of content takedowns, the government did not provide specifics but indicated that its fact-checking process relies on official government sources such as notices, circulars, and e-gazettes. The response also did not confirm any plans to establish an independent, non-partisan fact-checking body, nor did it elaborate on measures to prevent bias in enforcement.

While opposition leaders and digital rights activists have raised concerns about the FCU’s objectivity, the government maintains that the unit operates transparently.

The Centre’s response comes at a time when fact-checking by government agencies has faced scrutiny, particularly regarding its influence over social media platforms and content moderation policies. Critics argue that government-led fact-checking could lead to selective enforcement, while the government claims it is necessary to curb misinformation, especially during elections and crises.