Maharashtra Anti-Conversion Bill 2026: What The New Law Says And Why It Has Sparked Debate
Maharashtra has become the latest state to pass an anti-conversion law after the Assembly cleared the Freedom of Religion Bill, 2026, triggering a sharp political and social debate.
The bill, pushed by the government led by Devendra Fadnavis on March 16, aims to curb religious conversions carried out through force, fraud, coercion, inducement, or misrepresentation.
Once it receives approval from the Legislative Council and the Governor, the bill will officially become law, making Maharashtra the 13th state in India to enact such legislation.
The bill introduces strict penalties for unlawful conversions.
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It prescribes up to seven years in jail and a fine of ₹1 lakh for conversions linked to marriage or alleged coercion.
In cases involving women, minors, or people from Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, the punishment can increase significantly, with repeat offenders facing up to 10 years in prison and higher fines.
One of the most debated provisions is the requirement for individuals to give a prior notice of up to 60 days to authorities before converting.
Religious organisers involved in the process must also inform officials. After conversion, individuals may be called for verification to confirm that the decision was voluntary.
The law also makes such offences cognisable and non-bailable, allowing police to act without a warrant. Additionally, complaints can be filed not just by the individual but also by family members such as parents or siblings.
While the government has defended the bill as necessary to prevent forced conversions, critics and social media argue that it could infringe on personal freedom and privacy.
Civil rights groups and Christian organisations, including voices from the Bombay Catholic Sabha and All India Catholic Union, have raised concerns about misuse.
They say the broad definition of “inducement” could criminalise charitable activities like education and healthcare, often carried out by religious groups.
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Critics also warn that the requirement of prior notice may expose individuals, especially interfaith couples, to social pressure, harassment, or even violence.
Another key concern is the shift in the burden of proof. Under the law, the accused must prove that the conversion was not forced, which many believe could lead to misuse in a politically or socially polarised environment.
Now the bill has reignited a wider national conversation on religious freedom, interfaith relationships, and state intervention in personal choices.
